Usually, the background noise of office corridor is about 48-52 dB, and that of supermarket is about 58-63 dB, and that of busy section is about 70-75 dB. Considering that the scene may be very confused in the event of an accident, the background noise should not be estimated too low for the need of emergency broadcasting, even if the broadcasting service area is an office building. Therefore, as a general consideration, in addition to busy and lively places, background noise may be roughly regarded as 65-70dB (except in special cases). According to this calculation, the sound pressure level in the broadcast coverage area should be above 80-85 dB.
KarenaSpeaker alamat Umum are usually distributed, the sound pressure level in the adress coverage area can be approximately considered as the contribution of a single public adress speakers
. Menurut teori elektroakustik yang relevan, tingkat tekanan suara SPL pada area cakupan speaker memiliki hubungan berikut dengan tingkat sensitivitas LM dari speaker, daya menara ke speaker, pengendali jarak dan jarak r dari speaker, dll.
SPL=LM 10lgP-20lgrdB(1)
Tingkat sensitivitas cloudspeaker cacar mulai dari 88 hingga 93 dB, dan daya terukur adalah 3 hingga 10 W. Dihitung oleh 90dB/8W, tingkat tekanan suara pada 8m jauh dari loudspeaker sekitar 81dB. Kontribusi dari sound group awal tidak dipertimbangkan dalam perhitungan di atas. Dalam ruangan, kontribusi Grup suara tercermin awal dan loudspeaker yang berdekatan dapat meningkatkan tingkat tekanan suara sekitar 2-3 dB.
According to the above approximate calculation, the ceiling loudspeakers can be arranged evenly at a distance of 5-8 m in a venue whose ceiling is not higher than 3 m. If only background music is considered and emergency broadcasting is not considered, the distance can be increased to 8-12 M. In addition, the design and installation code for fire accident broadcasting in mainland China (hereinafter referred to as "code").
Pada dasarnya tidak ada kumpulan suara reflektif awal di area luar ruangan, dan cakupan efektif dari satuSpeaker alamat Umum can only be taken as the lower limit calculated above. Since the lower limit corresponds to a very short distance, in principle, a sound column composed of multiple speakers should be used. The sound pressure level can be increased by 3dB for every doubling of the signal power to the speaker group (such as the sound column) provided that the group is acceptable. From 1 to 2 is double; from 2 to 4 is double. In addition, the sound pressure level will decrease by 6 dB for every doubling of distance. According to the above rules, it is not difficult to calculate the configuration distance of outdoor sound column.
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